Over time, marine organisms attach to submerged surfaces, adding weight and texture to structures and corroding materials that they contact. Biofilms, such as algae, and the subsequent attachment of larger organisms, including seaweed and barnacles, can lead to the accumulation of enormous masses that can diminish a boat's manoeuvrability and carrying capacity. Biofouling forces repetitive and costly maintenance of marine structures, with annual costs estimated to be more than $25 billion worldwide.The coating will also reduce pollution of the water.